The text has been written in simple language and style in well organized and systematic way and utmost care has been taken to cover the entire prescribed procedures for nursing students.

We express our sincere gratitude to the authors not only for their effort in preparing the procedures for the present volume, but also their patience in waiting to see their work in print. Finally, we are also thankful to our publishers Xoffencer Publishers, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh for taking all the efforts in bringing out this volume in short span time.